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Direction (1-10):
In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Find out the appropriate word in each case. The constitution of Independent India and various laws ___(1) to meet the constitution obligations have fortified the position of woman vis-a vis the man. But it is ___(2) on paper only. The myth that more and more women are getting higher education and are occupying position of responsibility in all

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Directions (1-13)
In the following passages there are blanks each of which has been numbered these numbers are printed below the passage and against each five words have been suggested, one of which fits the blanks appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

Sentence Improvement-1

Directions:(1-10) Which of the phrases (a),(b),(c) and (d) given below each sentence should replace the phrase printed in bold type to make the sentence grammatically correct? If the sentence is correct as it is, mark (e) i.e. ’No correction required’ as the answer.

1.      Lift the handset only after paid a one rupee coin.
      (a) paying a one-rupee coin
      (b) you pay one rupee coin
      (c) pay one rupee-coin
      (d) you paid one rupee coin
      (e) No correction required

2.  Good life, according to many people, is to making more and more money.
      (a) is making                          
      (b) is made
      (c) are made                          
      (d) are making  
      (e) No correction required

3.    His behavior with all his employees is so pleasing that everyone come forward for helping him.
      (a) came towards him for help
      (b) comes towards him for help
      (c) comes forward to help him
      (d) comes forward for help him
      (e) No correction required

4.     A master should never impose his servants too much work.
      (a) his servants with too much work
      (b) too much work with his servants
      (c) too much work on his servants
      (d) too much work for his servants
      (e) No correction required

5.     What matter does most is the quality and not the quantity.
      (a) What does matter
      (b) What does  it matter
      (c) That matters
      (d) What matters
      (e) No correction required

6. The police commissioner burst into rage and ordered immediately suspension of the inspector who had arrested the innocent boy.
      (a) order immediately            
      (b) order immediate
      (c) ordered immediate          
      (d) ordering immediate
      (e) No correction required

7.    He would be like to have some ice-cream.
      (a) would like to                      
      (b) would be liked to
      (c) was to be liking to            
      (d) would being liked to
      (e) No correction required

8.    Not knowing the language and had no friends in the country, he found it impossible to get job.
      (a) has no                              
      (b) with having
      (c) with having not                
      (d) having no
      (e) No correction required

9.    She will not attend the meeting until she is asked to.
      (a) except                                
      (b) even with
      (c) even except                        
      (d) unless
      (e) No correction required

10.  Because of his smart work, he is in the best books of his employer.
      (a) in the better books                                  
      (b) in the good book
      (c) in the good books                                  
      (d) into the good books
      (e) No correction required

Answers:
1 - a,  2 - a,  3 - c,  4 - c,   5 - d,   6 - c,  7 - a,   8 - d,   9 - d,  10– c

How to improve calculation speed with shortcut-tricks

Calculation speed plays a very very important role in All Competitive Exams.Some peoples have natural ability to do the calculation fast  but that doesn't mean the ordinary people like me and you can't on that level.But the solution is only practice.Here i am providing you all basic things which will help you  to improve your calculation speed.

Some recommended things are mentioned here which you must do it before starting.

30 x 30-Just spend 30 minutes a day for 30 days. You will definitely find the difference in your calculation speed.Practice involves basic  Multiplications, Additions, Subtractions,Percentage Calculations,Comparing Fractions and Calculating Squares.

Click the below links to get content accordingly..

1-Multiplication Tables (Up to 20 x 20)

2-Squares (Up to 50)

3-Cubes (Up to (20)

4-Powers of 2 (Up to 14)

5-Powers of 3 (Up to 6)

6-Some Useful Shortcuts of Basic Maths :                    a)   Addition Shortcuts                                  Addition Mentally (Without Using Pen and Paper)                                 Addition Shortcuts                  b)  Subtraction Shortcuts                                Subtraction  Mentally (Without Using Pen and Paper)                                Subtraction Shortcuts                  c)  Multiplication Shortcuts                  d)  Division Shortcuts                  e)  Decimals

7-Reciprocals of numbers (Up to 13)

8-Complements of 100 ( means the difference between 100 and the given 2 digit number)

1. 
   

Mental Maths Subtraction

Here i an going to show you that how to do Subtractions Mentally. Have a look at the following example..

Example-1
586-331=? subtractions would be faster by taking two digits instead of taking a single digit at a time. Always start from right side and take two digit. So take 86 and 31 86 - 31 = 55 500 - 300 = 200 So, the result of 586-331= 255

Example-2
756-385=? By taking two digits instead of taking a single digit at a time, Starting from right side and take two digit. So take 56 and 85 here 56<85 so we will borrow 1 from 7 and 56 becomes 156 (called complement of 100's) now subtract 156-85 = 71 So, the result of 756- 385 =371

Example-3
730 - 156 + 523 - 814 = ? when we have addition and subtraction both in single equation than first we add + signs number and in second part add - sign numbers  i.e  (730 + 523)-(156 + 814)      =1253 - 870 // apply example-2 rule because z 53<80.Borrow 1 from 12      =383

Mental Maths For Additions

Now, we are going to show you how to do Additions Mentally. Have a look at

                                                     Example-1

425 + 336 + 927+ 811 + 222 = ?

while adding three-digit numbers, first add-two-digits at a time (Units and Tens Place). 25 + 36 + 27 + 11 + 22 = 121 To add 25 and 36, mentally treat 25 as 20 + 5 and 36 as 30 +6 So, 20 + 30 = (20 + 30) + 5 + 6 = 61 Similarly, 61 + 27 = (60 + 20 + 7 + 1 = 88 88 + 11 = (80 +10) + 8 + 1  = 99 99 + 22 = (90 + 20) + 9 +2 = 121 The last two digits (the units place and the tens place) of the addition are 21, while the digit 1 is to be carried forward). Now Add, 1 (Carried) + 4 + 3 + 9 + 8 + 2 = 27 So, the answer of the above addition is 2721 (initially, it may look confusing. Just practice this method and you can find how efficient this method is :  The same logic can be extended to 4 digit additions too... have a look

Example-2

3425 +4336 + 2927 + 811 + 4222 = ?

Now, we are going to show you how to do Additions Mentally. Have a look at 3425 +4336 + 2927 + 811 + 4222 Part-1 25 + 36 + 27 + 11 + 22+ ? while adding three-digit numbers, first add-two-digits at a time (Units and Tens Place). 25 + 36 + 27 + 11 + 22 = 121 To add 25 and 36, mentally treat 25 as 20 + 5 and 36 as 30 +6 So, 20 + 30 = (20 + 30) + 5 + 6 = 61 Similarly, 61 + 27 = (60 + 20 + 7 + 1 = 88 88 + 11 = (80 +10) + 8 + 1  = 99 99 + 22 = (90 + 20) + 9 +2 = 121 The last two digits (the units place and the tens place) of the addition are 21, while the digit 1 is to be carried forward). Part-2  Now Add, 1 (Carried) + 34 + 43 + 29 + 8 + 42 = 277 30 + 40 +20 + 40 + 1 (carry) +4 + 3 + 9 + 8 + 2 =157 So, the answer of the above addition is 15721 . The same logic can be extended to 5 , 6 , 7 and so on digit additions too.

Reciprocals of numbers up to 13

1/2	0.5
1/3	0.333
1/4	0.25
1/5	0.20
1/6	0.166
1/7	0.143
1/8	0.125
1/9	0.111
1/10	0.1
1/11	0.091
1/12	0.083
1/13	0.077

Division Short-Cut Trick

Division by using fractions	Division by 5
132/2 = (100/2 + 32/2) ---> break down into two fractions = (50 + 16) = 66	1400/5 = (1400/100) x 20---> divide by 100 then multiply by 20 = 14 x 20 = 280
Division by 10	Division by 50
0.5/10 = 0.05 ---> 5% is 50% divided by ten	2100/50---> divide by 100 then multiply by 2 = (2100/100) x 2 = 21 x 2 = 42

Division by 100	Division by 500
25/100---> move the decimal point two places to the left = 0.25	17/500 = (17/100) x 0.2---> divide by 100 then multiply by 0.2 = 0.17 x 0.2 = 0.034
Division by 25	Division by parts
500/25 ---> divide by 100 then multiply by 4 = (500/100) x 4 = 5 x 4 = 20	Imagine dividing $874 between two persons 874/2 = 800/2 + 74/2 = 400 + 37 = 437
750/25---> divide by 100 then multiply by 4 = (750/100) x 4 = 7.5 x 2 x 2 = 30	Division using the factors of the divisor: "double division" 70/14 = (70/7)/2 ---> 7 and 2 are the factors of 14 = 10/2 = 5

Addition and Subtraction Of Decimals

Example-1	Example-2
13.5 + 7.25 = (13 + 0.5) + (7 + 0.25) = 13 + 7 + 0.5 + 0.25 (Here we just added the rounded numbers first and later we added the decimal numbers :) = 21 + 0.5 + 0.25 = 21.75	200.57 + 21.25 = (200 + 0.57) + (21 + 0.25) = 200 + 21 + 0.57 + 0.25 (Here we just added the rounded numbers first and later we added the decimal numbers :) = 221 + 0.57 + 0.25 = 221.82
Example-3	Example-4
490.975 + 21.231 = (490 + 0.975) + (21 + 0.231) = 490 + 21 + 0.975 + 0.231 (Here we just added the rounded numbers first and later we added the decimal numbers and forward carry if any :) = 511 + 1.206 = 512.206	590.975 - 20.231 = (590 + 0.975)  -(20 + 0.231) = (590 - 20) + (0.975 - 0.231) (Here we just added the rounded numbers first and later we added the decimal numbers ) = 570 + 0.744 = 570.744

Example-5
12.5 + 6.25 = (12 + 0.5) + (6 + 0.25) = 12 + 6 + 0.5 + 0.25                                                                           //add the integers then the decimals = 18 + 0.5 + 0.25 = 18.75

Test-YourSelf:  
1-     215.55  +  28.67
2-    197.88   + 98.300
3-    587.91   +  109.105
4-    856.87  +   456.009
5-    566-76  -   45.25
6-    456.156  -  56.100
7-    9956-786  - 567.567
9-    4444.555 - 3456.921
10-  234.67    -   100.360

Subtraction Shortcuts

Recommended -Calculate Mentally (Don't use pen, paper and pencil)

It is very useful tip.Just take it in your habit.

Example-1	Example-2
216 - 87  (Take last 2 digits at a time from both numbers .If left 2 digit is less then 2 digit of right side than borrow 1 from neighbor.Here 16<87 so 16 can borrow 1 from his neighbor i.e from 2.Now we can write 16 as 116 ) = 100 +116-87 (neighbor is now 2-1=1) =  100+29 = 129	510 - 296  Take last 2 digits at a time from both numbers .If left 2 digit is less then 2 digit of right side than borrow 1 from neighbor.Here 10<96 so 10 can borrow 1 from his neighbor i.e from 5.Now we can write 10 as 110 ) =400+(110-96)-200 =200+14 =+214
Example-3	Example-4
250 - 97 = 250 - (100 - 3) = 250 - 100 + 3   // subtract 100 then add 3 = 150 + 3 = 153	250 - 197 = 250 - (200 - 3) = 250 - 200 + 3      // subtract 200 then add 3 = 50 + 3 = 53

Example-5
216 - 61 = 216 - (100 - 39)                                                                                                                                     = 216 - 100 + 39 = 116 + (40 - 1) = 156 - 1 = 155

 Practice Time:

Recommended-Do it in 3 min

1-     215  -  28
2-    197   -  88
3-    587   -  91
4-    856   -  87
5-    566   -  76
6-    456   -  156
7-    9956  -  786
9-    4444  -  555
10-  234    -   67

Addition Short-Cut Trick

Recommended -Calculate Mentally (Don't use pen, paper and pencil)

It is very useful tip.Just take it in your habit.

Method-1

Example-1	Example-2
216 + 87  (Take last 2 digits at a time from both numbers .Here we can write 16 as 20-4 and  87 as 90-3) = (20-4) + (90 - 3) (and add carry with 2) =  (20+90)-(4 +3) = (110)-7  (carry is 1 in 110.So add 1 with 2  ) = 03 (put 3=1+2 at third place) =303	296 + 510  (Take last 2 digits at a time from both numbers .here we can write 96 as 100-4 and  10) = 96+10 (and add carry with 5 and 2) = 106 (carry is 1 in 110.So add 1 with 2 and 5 in next step  ) = 06 (put 2+5+1 (carry) at third place) =806

Method-2-Take a look

Example-3	Example-4
116 + 29   ( we can write this 29 as 30-1) = 116 + (30 - 1) = 116 + 30 - 1 = 146 - 1 (Instead of adding 29 to 116, we just add 30 to 116  we can do this without using pen and paper and later we subtract one from it) = 145	341 + 71  (here we can write this 71 as 71+1) = 341 + (70 +1) = 341 + 70+1 (Here, instead of adding 70 to 341, we are just adding a 70 to 341 and then add 1 ) = 411+1 = 412
Example-5	Example-6
116 + 38 = 116 + (40 - 2) = 116 + 40 - 2 ---> add 40 then subtract 2 = 156 - 2 = 154	116 + 98 = 116 + (100 - 2) = 116 + 100 - 2 ---> add 100 then subtract 2 = 216 - 2 = 214

Practice Time:

Recommended-Do it in 3 min
1-     215  +  28=
2-    197   +  88=
3-    587   +  91=
4-    856   +  987=
5-    566   +  76=
6-    456   +  56=
7-    56     +  786=
9-    444   +  555=
10-  234   +  67=

Power of 3 up to 6

Power Of 2 Up To 14

Cubes Up To 20

Squares Up To 50

Table Up To 20

Do Practice:

3* 7=                  8* 3 =                         9 *3 =              7* 5=              7*  15=
6 * 5 =               11*6=                          9 *2 =              6 * 3=             11 * 11=
3 *8 =                 9 *13=                        2 *7=               7 * 4 =            7 * 12 =  
4 *3=                  3* 11 =                       13*12=            7 * 3 =            4 *  8 =   
5  * 9=               12 *13=                       9 *  6=            8 * 8 =             15 *13 =  
6  * 2 =                4  *  6=                      14 * 6=           7  * 8 =             8 * 11=   
7 *  8 =                5  *  3=                     15 * 13 =          5 * 2=              6  *  7 = 
8 *13=                 3  *  9=                     8 * 13  =          4 *  6 =             9 *15 =
9 *  6=                 7  *  4 =                    5 *   8  =          8 * 4 =            12  *  9=      
10  * 2=               7  *  6=                     3   * 7=            13 * 5=           14  *  3=
11 *  7=               12  *12=                   4 *   6=           15 * 3 =           11 *   3=

12 *  2=               12  *11=                   7   * 9=            8  *9  =            6  *  3 =

Commercial Banks In India

In this article we have discussed about the Structure of Commercial Banking in India. Bank is an institutions that accepts deposits from the public,mobilizes their savings and keeps the same under its custody, these deposits can be withdrawn by Cheques or ATMs or any other available methods. Banks lends money to those who need it and also performs diverse agency functions and also create credit.

Important Points About RBI

• Name of Central Bank of India: Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
• No of Central Bank in India: One (1)
• Reserve Bank of India Act passed in 1934.
• Reserve Bank of India (RBI) established on 1 April 1935.
• Reserve Bank of India (RBI) established on the recommendation of Hilton-Young Commission.
• Hilton-Young Commission submitted its report in the year 1926.
• Initially RBI was constructed as a Private Share holders’ bank with fully paid-up capital of Rs 5 Crores.
• RBI was nationalize in the year of 1st January,1949.
• RBI is a statutory body.
• RBI is the sole authority in India to issue Bank notes in India.
• RBI can issue currency notes as much as the country requires, provided it has to make a security deposit of Rs. 200 crores, out of which Rs. 115 crores must be in gold and Rs. 85 crores must be FOREX Reserves.
• Emblem of RBI: Panther and Palm Tree.
• Initially the headquarter of RBI was in Calcutta (Now Kolkata) but in 1937 it was permanently moved to Mumbai, Maharastra.
• The Reserve Bank of India has 19 regional offices, most of them in state capitals and 9 Sub-offices
• The Executive head of RBI is known as Governor.
• The governor is associated by Four Deputy Governors.
• The bank has also two training colleges for its officers, viz. Reserve Bank Staff College at Chennai and College of Agricultural Banking at Pune.
• RBI is a member bank of the Asian Clearing Union.
• Chintaman Dwarkanath Deshmukh (C D Deshmukh) was the governor of RBI at the Time of nationalization of RBI in 1949.
• C D Deshmukh, then Governor of RBI, represented India at the Bretton Woods negotiations in 1944.
• 1st women Deputy Governor of RBI -K.J.Udeshi.
• RBI is not a Commercial Bank.
• RBI prints currency in 15 Languages.
• RBI is a member of IMF (International Monetary Fund).

Banking Liberalization in India

Liberalisation in banking sector in India noticed in early 1990s’ when India adopted a new economic policy for the development of the nation. Narasimha Rao government embarked on a policy of liberalization, licensing a small number of private banks.For the first time in India new private banks got license for providing banking service. These banks came to be known as the New Generation tech-savvy banks.

The first bank in India set up after the adaptation of new liberalization policy in banking sector was Global Trust Bank. It was later amalgamated with Oriental Bank of Commerce. The list of banks set up after new liberalization policy includes Global Trust Bank, UTI Bank (Now known as Axis Bank), ICICI Bank and HDFC Bank.
This move towards the Liberalisation along with the rapid economic growth in India, re-energize the banking sector in India. Indian banking sector has noticed rapid growth with strong contribution from all sector of banks – government banks, private banks and foreign banks.

The next stage for the Indian banking sector has been set up with the proposed relaxation in the norms for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). All Foreign Investors in banks can holds up to 74% with some restrictions of the company.